The large interest in ultracold gases comes from the fact that when a gas is cooled to a temperature close to zero the quantum nature of the atomic motion starts to play a dominant role. Ultracold quantum gases in triangular optical lattices. Effects of the dipoledipole interaction on the physics of ultracold quantum gases marta abad garcia advertiment. Liu has always educated me very patiently with his deep and broad knowledge in physics. The young field of ultracold quantum gases is an exciting, fast. When we talk about the temperatures of a gas of atoms, what we are describing is the average kinetic energy of the system, which can be characterised by the speeds of the atoms in the gas. Lecture notes of the les houches summer school in singapore. The experimental realisation of ultracold quantum gases offers a new paradigm for study ing fundamental physics and quantum phenomena on a macroscopic. As a phenomenon of nature how does matter behave at very low temperatures. Ultracold quantum gases are exceptionally powerful systems for creating and studying interesting and novel quantum manybody systems. First, atoms are usually trapped and precooled via laser cooling in a magnetooptical trap. Vincent liu, for his continued guidance and support during my phd study. There are over 100 experiments on ultracold quantum gases around the world on every continent except antarctica.
There is an increasing need for high resolution imaging pdf quantum coherence and magnetism in bosonic and fermionic gases of ultracold atoms gyuboong jo, yeryuoung lee, jaehoon choi, caleb a. A thouless quantum pump with ultracold bosonic atoms in an optical superlattice. Competition between weak quantum measurement and manybody dynamics in ultracold bosonic gases wojciech kozlowski, st. Engineered potentials and dynamics of ultracold quantum gases. In recent years, technologies have been developed to cool atoms and molecules to the lowest temperatures and to manipulate and control their degrees of freedom at the quantum level. A boseeinstein condensate is loaded into a threedimensional optical lattice potential formed by a standing wave laser light. Volume 91, july 2009 on free shipping on qualified orders.
This perspective explores how such atomic ensembles can help to unravel some of the outstanding open questions in the field. Quantum simulations with ultracold quantum gases immanuel bloch 1,2, jean dalibard 3 and sylvain nascimbene 1,3 ultracold quantum gases offer a unique setting for quantum simulation of. Quantum gases authorstitles recent submissions arxiv. Phd candidacy on ultracold polar molecules in optical lattices centre for quantum technologies, national university of singapore project description are you looking for an experimental phd project in the area of ultracold quantum gases. Rudolf grimm is part of the center for ultracold atoms and quantum gases. To a good approximation, samples are thermally isolated from the environment and thus represent idealized quantum systems. Nasas cold atom laboratory to study ultracold quantum gases. Leblanc in the ultracold quantum gases laboratory at the university of alberta we are particularly interested in studying such fields of modern physics and quantum technology as quantum simulation and. Apr 12, 2014 3 we plan to induce longrange interactions using a highfinesse optical cavity leading to a lightinduced pairing mechanism. Often, our work is motivated by unresolved problems from condensed matter physics, which we emulate with trapped atomic gases. Here we demonstrate our abilities to generate optical potential with high precision and high resolution, and engineer coherent dynamics using photon assisted tunneling. Mixed quantum gases offer a wealth of research opportunities, ranging from precision measurements to studies of various quantum manybody regimes. Many recently published theoretical papers deal with bec for a harmonic trapped gas46.
Typical experiments use magnetic or optical forces to trap a dilute vapor of atoms in high vacuum. Ultracold atoms are atoms that are maintained at temperatures close to 0 kelvin, typically below several tens of microkelvin. A thouless quantum pump with ultracold bosonic atoms in an. July 31, 2015 congratulations to daniel and bo for successfully defending their master phd theses. Its often said that laser cooled atoms are the coldest stuff in the universe. Due to its large spin multiplicity in the ground state, large e. Competition between weak quantum measurement and many. Pdf quantum simulations with ultracold quantum gases. Manybody quantum physics with ultracold gases theory. Enhancement effect of mass imbalance on fuldeferrelllarkinovchinnikov type of pairing in fermifermi mixtures of ultracold quantum gases. Our research group at the physikalisches institut of heidelberg university performs fundamental research in the fields of quantum and atomic physics. In this respect ultracold rydberg gases exhibit an interesting contrast.
To design and implement a system that incorporates ultracold quantum gases and solid state quantum devices through atom chip technologies. Welcome to the fascinating world of quantum matter near absolute zero. Local probing of interacting fermions in optical lattices. Nanofiber research is also motivated by their potential integration into fundamental cold atom quantum experiments, and the role they can play there. In the context of magnetic interaction in ultracold quantum gases, spin mixtures are currently receiving rapidly growing experimental and theoretical interest. As discussed earlier, the quantum states of the system representing a bosonic atom confined in an optical trap can be modeled by a simple quantum model of a particle subject to a harmonic or infinite well transverse potential and to a. Ultracold atoms and quantum gases research groups of f. Phd candidacy on ultracold polar molecules in optical lattices. In recent years, ultracold atomic gases have become a fertile ground for developing and testing ideas of quantum manybody physics. Pritchard and wolfgang ketterle itinerant ferromagnetism in a fermi gas of ultracold atoms. In our research we investigate the properties of atomic gases at extremely low temperatures. Measuring work and heat in ultracold quantum gases view the table of contents for this issue, or go to the journal homepage for more home search collections journals about contact us my iopscience. To a good approximation, samples are thermally isolated from the environment and thus represent idealized quantum.
We will search for cooper pairing in spinpolarized fermi gases mediated by the interaction of fermions with a quantized light field. Molecules comprised of two fermions or two bosons are bosonic. Frustrated quantum magnetism with bose gases in triangular. It is also the plan to put this mixture into an optical lattice henrik is currently. Our recent work finally demonstrated the production of a quantum degenerate molecular gas. We also create a system of bilayer quantum gases that brings new imaging capabilities and extends the possible range of our quantum simulation. These socalled optical lattices act as versatile potential landscapes to trap ultracold quantum gases of bosons and fermions. Quantum droplets in a strongly dipolar bose gas, phys. To reach such low temperatures, a combination of several techniques typically has to be used. All books are in clear copy here, and all files are secure so dont worry about it. In this dissertation, we study rotational properties of ultracold bosonic quantum gases in two trapped configurations, a quasitwodimensional gas in a harmonic trap and a quasionedimensional gas. The lectures are uploaded as pdf files, so you will need adobe acrobat. Remove degrees of freedom manipulate controllablyusefully introduce complexity address qs in amo, cm, nuclear, particle today. Pdf functional renormalization and ultracold quantum.
We are seeking for candidates with a good background in quantum mechanics and optics, and a strong interest in learning more about ultracold quantum gases. Observation of quantum measurement backaction with an ultracold atomic gas kater w. They are systems that are translationally cold, but comprise enormous internal energy. Over the last years the exciting developments in the field of ultracold atoms confined in optical lattices have led to numerous theoretical proposals devoted. An optical lattice is essentially an artificial crystal of light a. At these temperatures the atoms quantummechanical properties become important. Quantum gases in this section we will discuss situations where quantum e. Exploring quantum mechanics in manyparticle systems. Ultracold quantum gases offer a unique setting for quantum simulation of interacting manybody systems. In our experiments, we use ultracold atom clouds to understand how complex quantum systems behave.
We are an experimental research group working with atomic and molecular gases cooled down to temperatures in the nanokelvin range. Effects of the dipoledipole interaction on the physics of. We present a unified picture of the interaction effects in dilute atomic quantum gases. The photodissociation of 88sr2 molecules is examined at ultracold temperatures with a high degree of control, and a wealth of quantum effects such as barrier tunnelling, matterwave interference. In our research we use ultracold nanokelvin atomic gases as model systems to explore fundamental phenomena in quantum manybody physics. Degenerate quantum gases quantum simulation 1 introduction since the advent of laser cooling and trapping techniques in the 1980s and 1990s, optical lattices produced by interfering laser beams have become an indispensable tool for trapping periodic arrays of ultracold atoms and degenerate quantum gases see, e.
The ultracold quantum gases group is an experimental research group at icfo the institute of photonic sciences in barcelona, spain. Daniels and bos thesis defense at technik uni innsbruck. The high degree of controllability, the novel detection possibilities and the extreme physical parameter regimes that can be reached in these. Ultracold quantum matter ultracold atoms and quantum gases. Candidates with interest or experience in quantum device fabrication are especially encouraged to apply. Ultracold quantum gases in threedimensional optical. Ultracold quantum gases laboratory for quantum simulation and hybrid quantum systems andrei tretiakov, taras hrushevskyi, lindsay j. Viewed quantum mechanically, each particle is described by a wavefunction. For a detailed description of the ideal gas lawsand their further development, see ideal gas, ideal gas law and gas. Breathing modes in quantum gases december 08, 2014 20 21.
To illustrate this, well return once again to the ideal gas trapped in a box with sides of length l and volume v l3. Moreover, we strive to realize new quantum phases not encountered in the solid state. Manybody quantum physics with ultracold gases theory quantum dynamics group prof. Imaging systems are an essential component of quantum gas experiments. Ultracold quantum gases have opened up new vistas in manybody physics, from novel quantum states of matter to quantum computing applications. Quantum gases recurrences in an isolated quantum manybodysystem. Thermodynamics of an ideal gas of bosons harmonically trapped. Macroscopic states of dipolar quantum gases 5th institute of physics. Handing in your solutions will be noticed irrespective of whether you want them to be checked or not. Properties of rotating ultracold bosonic quantum gases. The newfound ability to confine ultracold quantum gases in optical lattices is already having a major impact in fields as diverse as condensedmatter physics and quantum information processing. We employ ultracold atomic fermi gases to study quantum manybody physics. The research presently focuses on two main directions that both complement each other.
Stamperkurn1,2 1department of physics, university of california, berkeley, california 94720, usa 2materials sciences division, lawrence berkeley national laboratory, berkeley, california 94720, usa. Experiments with ultracold quantum gases provide a platform for creating manybody systems that can be well controlled and whose parameters can be tuned over a wide range. Whereas related phenomena are wellstudied in singlespecies quantum gases, the same level of detail has not yet been realized in quantum gas mixtures like. Spectroscopy of an interacting ultracold rydberg gas. Precision bec interferometry bosefermi superfluids 250mm about 105 yb atoms. Ultracold quantum gases laboratory for quantum simulation and.
Ultracold atoms and quantum gases added 29 new photos from july 31, 2015 to the album. Lecture basic principles of quantum statistical mechanics. The center is formed by three groups at the university of innsbruck and the austrian academy of sciences. Lecture 8 structure and distribution functions in classical liquids and gases. We consider fermionic as well as bosonic gases and, in particular, discuss. Quantum simulations with ultracold quantum gases nature physics. Fewbody collisions in a quantum gas mixture of 40k and 87rb atoms. For more information visit the web pages of the individual groups.
More than 30 years ago, thouless introduced the concept of a topological charge pump that would enable the robust transport of charge through an adiabatic cyclic evolution of. Parallelized run file used to calculate the points in fig. Researchers will use nasas cold atom laboratory to study ultracold quantum gases, exploring how atoms interact in microgravity when they have almost no motion due to such cold temperatures. Publishers pdf, also known as version of record queens university belfast research portal. In particular, we are interested in questions related to how. Like dancers in a chorus line, atoms movements become synchronized when lowered to extremely cold tempe. Welcome to the ultracold quantum gas research group at aarhus university.
Functional renormalization and ultracold quantum gases. The early gas laws were developed at the end of the 18th century, when scientists. In particular, we are interested in questions related to how strong interactions, reduced dimensionality. Ultracold quantum gases are exceptionally powerful systems for creating and studying interesting and novel quantum.
For the continuum fermi gases in bcsbec crossover, we present an e. Dipolar quantum matter and topological quantum matter. Atomatom interactions in ultracold quantum gases pdf. Dipolar quantum gases, ferlaino group ultracold quantum matter, grimm group strongly correlated quantum. This allows us to understand the fundamental quantum mechanical behaviour of few and manyparticle systems. Read online atomatom interactions in ultracold quantum gases book pdf free download link book now. They became world wide known after the achievement of boseeinstein condensation in 1995 see nobel prize in physics in 2001. Ultracold gases department of physics georgetown university. These quantum gases can be used to study quantum mechanical behavior at a macroscopic scale and are as such an ideal play.
Ultracold atoms and quantum gases subhadeep gupta uw nsfint phys reu, 26th june 2017 recent control of atomic position and momentum. Quantum gases in statedependent optical potentials by ren e harald reimann master of arts in physics stony brook university 2009 this thesis describes preliminary results for the rst experimental implementation of a statedependent twocomponent super uidmott insulator transition for two interconvertible atomic species. Well still restrict attention to gases meaning a bunch of particles moving around and barely interacting but one of the. Ultracold bosonic and fermionic quantum gases in optical. Ultracold quantum gases zixu zhang, phd university of pittsburgh, 2012 in this thesis, we discuss ultracold quantum gases both in continuum and optical lattices. Ultracold quantum gases boseeinstein condensate fermi superfluidity superfluidity superfluidity mott insulator t 100 nk n 106 atoms. Quantum corrections to the classical field approximation for 1d quantum manybody systems in equilibrium. In this novel quantum system we have been able to both realize a quantum phase transition from a super.
Ultracold quantum gases in threedimensional optical lattice. In more recent years, these systems have attracted a great deal of attention in other areas in physics, such as condensed matter physics, nuclear physics, and. As a quantum physics laboratory due to good experimental control quantum information, bells inequalities, quantum computation. Ferlaino this project investigates highly magnetic quantum gases with erbium er atoms. A tomic, molecular, and optical physics experiments enable the precise control of interactions in a quantum manybody system1,2. Lecture 19 ideal quantum gases, single particle density of states, the. Combining nanofibers with existing optical and quantum technologies is a powerful strategy for advancing areas like quantum computation, quantum information processing, and quantum communication. Ultracold quantum gases are proving to be a powerful model system for strongly interacting electronic manybody systems. Our general scientific goal is to create novel states of quantum matter and to investigate their intriguing and sometimes very bizarre properties.
Ultracold gases are a relatively young field in atomic and molecular physics. Observation of quantummeasurement backaction with an. The open access journal for physics new jou rnal of ph ys ics ultracold quantum gases in triangular optical lattices c becker1,3, p soltanpanahi1, j kronjager2, s dorscher1, k bongs2 and k sengstock1 1 institut fur laserphysik, universitat hamburg, hamburg d22761, germany 2 muarc, school of physics and astronomy, university of birmingham, edgbaston, birmingham b15 2tt, uk. Experimental and theoretical aspects of quantum gases.
Quantum gases recurrences in an isolated quantum manybodysystem bernhard rauer, 1sebastian erne,1,2,3 thomas schweigler, federica cataldini, mohammadamin tajik, 1jorg schmiedmayer the complexity of interacting quantum manybody systems leads to exceedingly long recurrence times of the initial quantum state for all but the smallest. We made a proposal and provided the necessary theoretical analysis for analog quantum simulation of frustrated quantum magnetism by using ultracold bose gases in triangular optical lattices. A master thesis is a good opportunity to enter the field and learn more about our interdisciplinary research at the crossing between quantum optics and condensedmatter physics. First, a feshbach resonance isusedtoconvertpairsoffreeatomstoweaklyboundmolecules43 46. This provides access to a new class of combined lightmatter quantum states. Exploring quantum mechanics in manyparticle systems using ultracold quantum gases at temperatures around one billionth of a degree above absolute zero, ultracold quantum gases offer an unprecedented opportunity for exploring the behaviour of manybody systems using precise control over the atoms temperature, interactions.
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